CALCIUM DEFICIENCY AND FOOD-DEPRIVATION IMPROVE THE RESPONSE OF CHICKENS TO ACUTE HEAT-STRESS

被引:13
作者
AITBOULAHSEN, A
GARLICH, JD
EDENS, FW
机构
[1] N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT POULTRY SCI,RALEIGH,NC 27695
[2] N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,INTERDEPT NUTR PROGRAM,RALEIGH,NC 27695
关键词
HEAT STRESS; ACID-BASE BALANCE; CALCIUM; CHICKENS; FOOD DEPRIVATION;
D O I
10.1093/jn/123.1.98
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
The tolerance of chickens to acute heat stress may be modified by diet. Broiler chickens fed calcium-adequate (0.90% Ca) or -deficient (0.45% or 0.15% Ca) diets were either fed or not fed for 24 h and exposed to increasing temperatures (from 24 to 41-degrees-C). Diets were fed for 7 d before heat stress in Experiment 1 and for 14 d before heat stress in Experiment 2. Body temperature, blood ionized Ca, pH, PCO2, plasma inorganic phosphate and total Ca were determined. During heat stress, Ca+2 and inorganic phosphate were depressed in all treatments. Feeding the 0.45% Ca diet for 7 d reduced hyperthermic body temperature of fed chickens but had no effect on body temperature of unfed chickens relative to the groups fed 0.90% Ca. No further improvement in body temperature response to heat stress was obtained by lowering the dietary Ca level to 0.15% or extending the feeding period to 14 d. Food deprivation was more effective in counteracting the heat-induced rise in body temperature than a dietary Ca deficiency. Heat-induced changes in body temperature, Ca+2, inorganic phosphate and blood pH were highly correlated (P < 0.001). The change in Ca+2 followed a pattern similar to that of changes in body temperature, but changes in inorganic phosphate seemed to be more indicative of changes in pH. Control birds fed 0.90% Ca exhibited the highest changes in Ca+2 and body temperature values. Feeding Ca-deficient diets reduced changes in both Ca+2 and body temperature. Unfed birds, regardless of dietary Ca level, showed the lowest changes in Ca+2 and body temperature. The results suggest that during heat stress, the increase in body temperature is inversely related to the chickens' ability to maintain blood Ca+2.
引用
收藏
页码:98 / 105
页数:8
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