Risk and resources for depression in later life

This paper explores the evidence on risk and vulnerability to depression of older people, looking at the complex interplay between physical ill health, disability, loss of intimates and social relationships, loneliness and depression, and the resources and protective factors at individual, social and community level that either buffer risk or promote psychological well-being. It concludes, with Blazer (2000), that effective strategies for the prevention, treatment and management of depression must 'proceed across multiple domains simultaneously', and address social, environmental and economic as well as medico-biological factors if interventions are to prove effective in this greatly neglected field. Action at government level to address social inequalities throughout the life course would also have a significant protective impact on mental well-being in old age.