Changes in Activities of Key Enzymes for Starch Synthesis and Glutamine Synthetase in Grains of Progenies from a Rice Cross During Grain Filling

The progenies differed in amylose and protein contents in grains, which derived from a rice cross, Dongnong 423xToukei 180, were used to study changes in the activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPP), soluble starch synthetase (SSS), starch branching enzyme (SBE) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in rice grains during grain filling. The activities of AGPP, SSS and SBE gradually increased and then declined as a single-peak curve with the process of grain filling in the progenies with high and low amylose contents in grains. The progenies with high amylose content peaked earlier in the AGPP, SSS and SBE activities and had higher AGPP, SSS and SBE activities at the early grain filling stage than those with low amylose content. The GS activity peaked earlier and was higher at the late stage of grain filling in the progenies with high protein content than in those with low protein content. It is suggested that the activities of key enzymes for starch synthesis and glutamine synthetase could be changed in oriented breeding for amylose and protein contents in grains.