The universe of the museum is in the process of profound transformation, a reflection of the societies in which museum institutions evolve. The number of museums has grown considerably and their activities have diversified. Our traditional understanding of this sector is no longer adapted to the present-day context and many are attempting to redefine it. The same holds true for the teaching of museum studies, since the milieu has been professionalised and has taken on new responsibilities. This article tracks recent developments in museum studies and invites the reader to reflect on current trends towards increasing the autonomy of the museum, in light of the fact that the museum has become an object of study. Limiting the discussion to a specific aspect of the museum, the author takes stock of the contribution made to the field by various disciplines. She also evaluates the museum's role and function in terms of eight meta-functions. There are increasing expectations of museums: they must reflect and attempt to make sense of society, resolve social problems and provide new orientations, serve as a lever for minorities and open a window onto other cultures. The challenges facing museums also affect the curriculum of museum studies programmes. Are we teaching in order to reproduce the status quo, or in order to effect change?
