ENDOSCOPIC VARICEAL LIGATION VERSUS CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA AND BLEEDING ESOPHAGEAL-VARICES

Background: Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is currently a favored treatment for control of bleeding from esophageal varices. However, little is known about the treatment of bleeding varices in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: EVL was performed in 16 patients with bleeding esophageal varices due to concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment results were compared with those of another 23 patients who were conservatively treated. Results: Comparing the two groups, ligation significantly reduced the risk of fatal bleeding (44% vs 70%; P<0.05). Significantly fewer patients in the ligation group died at the time of the index hemorrhage (11% vs 52%; P<0.05). Rebleeding occurred in 44% of the ligation group and 73% in the control group (P>0.05). The mean days of survival were 40 +/- 20 (range, 7 to 103) in the ligation group and 20 +/- 30 (range, 1 to 136) in the control group (P=0.08). In the absence of portal vein thrombosis, ligation significantly reduced the rebleeding rate (17% vs 50%, P<0.05) and the mortality rate (0% vs 100%, P<0.05). Conclusion: EVL is a good choice for palliation in patients with esophageal variceal bleeding and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aggressive use of EVL may be tried in those patients without portal venous thrombosis.