PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND COMPARISON OF ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF CLOVE AND CARDAMOM

The aim of present study was to investigate the phytochemical screening and to compare the antimicrobial activity of oils of Clove bud and Cardamom. Clove bud was successively extracted by steam distillation and isolated with Dichloromethane. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycoside, steroids, carbohydrates, terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compound. The dichloromethane extract was chromatographed over silica Gel (60-120) and eluted with pure toluene, toluene: Dichloromethane (9:1), toluene: Dichloromethane (8:2), toluene: Dichloromethane (7:3), fraction were monitored by T.L.C. similar fractions were combined and concentrated. eleven fractions were obtained and were labelled as f1, f2, f3 to f11. Cardamom fruit was successively extracted with petroleum ether. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycoside, steroids, protein, carbohydrates, terpenoids, tannins and phenolic compound. The Petroleum ether extract was chromatographed over silica Gel (60-120) and eluted with pure Benzene, Benzene: chloroform (9:1), Benzene: chloroform (8:2), Benzene: chloroform (7:3), Benzene: chloroform (6:4), Benzene: chloroform (5:5), Benzene: chloroform ( 4:6), and with pure chloroform. Fractions were monitored by T.L.C. similar fractions were combined and concentrated. Fourteen fractions were obtained were labelled as fcd1, fcd2 to fcd14. Antimicrobial activity was performed by Disc diffusion method on the staphylococcus aureus (+ve), Escherichia coli (-ve), Pseudomonas aerugenosa (-ve) bacteria and was found that cardamom and clove extract both were similar active for Pseudomonas aerugenosa (-ve) but cardamom was more active for E. coli than clove extracts.