SUDDEN-DEATH IN INDIVIDUALS IN HOBBLE RESTRAINTS DURING PARAMEDIC TRANSPORT

被引：69

作者：

STRATTON, SJ

ROGERS, C

GREEN, K

机构：

来源：

ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE | 1995年 / 25卷 / 05期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1016/S0196-0644(95)70187-7

中图分类号：

R4 [临床医学];

学科分类号：

1002 ; 100602 ;

摘要：

For patient and personnel safely, agitated and violent individuals are sometimes physically restrained during out-of-hospital ambulance transport. We report two cases of unexpected death in restrained, agitated individuals while they were being trans-ported by advanced life support ambulance, Both patients had been placed in hobble restraints by law enforcement. At autopsy, toxicologic analysis revealed nonlethal levels of amphetamines in one patient and nonlethal levels of ethanol, cocaine, and amphetamines in the other. In both cases the cause of death was determined to be positional asphyxiation during restraint for excited delirium. Physicians and emergency service personnel should be aware of the potential complications of using physical restraints for control of agitated patients.

引用

页码：710 / 712

页数：3

共 12 条

[1]

Marks, Physical restraints in the practice of medicine: Current concepts, Arch Intern Med, 152, pp. 2203-2206, (1992)

[2]

Reay, Fligner, Stilwell, Et al., Positional asphyxia during law enforcement transport, Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 13, pp. 90-97, (1992)

[3]

Bell, Rao, Wetli, Et al., Positional asphyxiation in adults: A series of 30 cases from the Dade and Broward County, Florida, medical examiner offices from 1982 to 1990, Am J Forensic Med Pathol, 13, pp. 101-107, (1992)

[4]

Jardin, Farkas, Prefaut, Et al., The failing inspiratory muscle under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, Am Rev Respir Dis, 124, pp. 274-279, (1981)

[5]

Hoffman, Lefkowitz, Catecholamines and sympathomimetic drugs, The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, pp. 187-220, (1990)

[6]

Martin, Sloan, Sapira, Et al., Physiologic, subjective, and behavioral effects of amphetamine, methamphetamine, ephedrine, phenmetrazine, and methylphenidate in man, Clin Pharmacol Ther, 12, pp. 245-258, (1971)

[7]

Goldfrank, Hoffman, The cardiovascular effects of cocaine, Ann Emerg Med, 20, pp. 165-175, (1991)

[8]

Isner, Estes, Thompson, Et al., Acute cardiac events temporally related to cocaine abuse, N Engl J Med, 315, pp. 1438-1443, (1986)

[9]

Cregler, Mark, Medical complications of cocaine abuse, N Engl J Med, 315, pp. 1495-1499, (1986)

[10]

Hart, Wallace, The adverse effects of amphetamines, Clin Toxicol, 8, pp. 179-190, (1975)

← 1 2 →