A 72-year-old woman developed gangrenous cholecystitis due to Actinomyces meyeri. The patient was treated with cefotetan, ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid and metronidazole, but died, presumably from septicemia. Sulfur granules were not observed in the gallbladder, although the bacteria appeared to multiply actively in that tissue. This is the first reported case of infection of the gallbladder associated with this anaerobic bacterium.