Hong Kong has a long history of public health engineering and the arrangements for the collection, transportation, and final disposal of Hong Kong's domestic and industrial effluents are still evolving and provide an interesting example in the field. This paper aims to describe the way the system has developed and is developing and, with the benefit of hindsight, to draw lessons from what has happened so far. The author discusses factors and planning for water pollution control. Sewage disposal planning is also examined. Conclusions are drawn relative to sewage planning, sewage disposal and ecology.