The process of recovery of the. 'historical memory' in Spain: An approach to social movements by memory

This article analyses the socio-political phenomenon of the recovery of historical memory in Spain. The way that the transition to democracy developed included what is now called the Spanish model of impunity, the main consequence of which is that the victims of the Francoist repression received neither due recognition nor moral, juridical or economic reparations. The article studies the elements that have intervened in this process during the last five years: the 'normalization' of the history of the Spanish Civil War and Francoist repression; the birth and consolidation of the associative movement for Memory; and the adoption of institutional measures to compensate the victims. Lastly, from a historiographical perspective, the text raises the issue of the increasing political and media manipulation of the Memory phenomenon.