Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Dentists towards Prophylaxis after Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids

Background: Post-exposure prophylaxis plays an important role in prevention of bloodborne diseases after occupational exposures. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practice of dentists towards post-exposure prophylaxis. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 140 dentists in Shiraz were selected through a systematic randomized sampling. They filled out a self-made questionnaire including 30 knowledge, 4 attitude and 10 practice questions. Mean of knowledge and percentage of various items of attitude and practice were reported. Results: The mean +/- SD knowledge score of dentists was 18.5 +/- 6.2. Knowledge had a significant relationship with the level of education (p< 0.001), attending infection control seminars (p< 0.001), and working in public clinics (p< 0.001). A total of 63 (43%) dentists believed that immediate washing of the exposed area has no effect on the prevention of hepatitis and AIDS. Of the studied dentists, 13%, 11%, and 34% believed that prophylaxis after exposure to patients' blood had no effect on prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus infections, respectively. Only 170 (53%) exposed dentists immediately washed the exposed area and only 43 (13.4%) of them evaluated the source patient for risk factors of hepatitis and AIDS. Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude and practice of dentists working in Shiraz towards postexposure prophylaxis are not desirable. Interventions to raise their awareness are therefore warranted.