Cell repair in Parkinson's disease

被引:0
作者
O'Keeffe, G. [1 ]
Barker, R. A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge Ctr Brain Repair, Cambridge CB2 2PY, England
关键词
embryonic stem cells; fetal nigral transplantation; neurogenesis; nigrostriatal pathway; Parkinson's disease;
D O I
10.2217/14796708.2.2.209
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder with the cardinal clinical features of muscular rigidity, resting tremor and bradykinesia. The prevalence of this disease is approximately 2% of those aged over 65 years, thus causing significant morbidity. The disease is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta, resulting in reduced dopaminergic input to the striatum. Significant clinical benefit can be achieved through the restoration of dopamine levels in this system with pharmacological interventions, although these therapies are only symptomatic and the disease progresses. Indeed, with disease progression other features often appear, including autonomic, affective and cognitive dysfunction, reflecting pathology at non-nigral sites. The occurrence of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult CNS, which, under certain conditions, are able to proliferate and renew neuronal numbers, has raised great expectations for alternative therapeutic applications in the treatment of PD. Indeed, it is potentially possible to harness this capacity either directly (increase of local proliferation, directed migration and differentiation) or indirectly (in vitro expansion before their transplantation), to facilitate the generation of specific cell types in order to replace missing neurons in neurodegenerative diseases. The manipulation of embryonic stem cells or their derivatives also offers a promising alternative as extensive proliferation may be achieved and, most importantly, directed differentiation to a dopaminergic phenotype is possible. Nevertheless, neuronal replacement will only be possible if proliferating or transplanted NSCs and their progeny can be harnessed at sites of pathology. It is the manipulation of stem cells both in vivo and in vitro, in the context of repairing the core pathological hallmark of PD, that is the main focus of this report.
引用
收藏
页码:209 / 217
页数:9
相关论文
共 63 条
[2]   AUTORADIOGRAPHIC AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES OF POSTNATAL NEUROGENESIS .4. CELL PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION IN ANTERIOR FOREBRAIN, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PERSISTING NEUROGENESIS IN OLFACTORY BULB [J].
ALTMAN, J .
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY, 1969, 137 (04) :433-&
[3]  
Andersson E, 2006, CELL, V124, P393, DOI [10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.037, 10.1016/J.CELL.2005.10.037]
[4]   Immune Problems in Central Nervous System Cell Therapy [J].
Barker R.A. ;
Widner H. .
NeuroRX, 2004, 1 (4) :472-481
[5]  
BJORKLUND A, 1983, ACTA PHYSL SCAND, V522, pS9
[6]   Bilateral caudate and putamen grafts of embryonic mesencephalic tissue treated with lazaroids in Parkinson's disease [J].
Brundin, P ;
Pogarell, O ;
Hagell, P ;
Piccini, P ;
Widner, H ;
Schrag, A ;
Kupsch, A ;
Crabb, L ;
Odin, P ;
Gustavii, B ;
Björklund, A ;
Brooks, DJ ;
Marsden, CD ;
Oertel, WH ;
Quinn, NP ;
Rehncrona, S ;
Lindvall, O .
BRAIN, 2000, 123 :1380-1390
[7]   Improving the survival of grafted dopaminergic neurons:: A review over current approaches [J].
Brundin, P ;
Karlsson, J ;
Emgård, M ;
Schierle, GSK ;
Hansson, O ;
Petersén, Å ;
Castilho, RF .
CELL TRANSPLANTATION, 2000, 9 (02) :179-195
[8]   Survival of expanded dopaminergic precursors is critical for clinical trials [J].
Brundin P. ;
Björklund A. .
Nature Neuroscience, 1998, 1 (7) :537-537
[9]   DIFFERENTIATION OF NEWLY BORN NEURONS AND GLIA IN THE DENTATE GYRUS OF THE ADULT-RAT [J].
CAMERON, HA ;
WOOLLEY, CS ;
MCEWEN, BS ;
GOULD, E .
NEUROSCIENCE, 1993, 56 (02) :337-344
[10]   Molecular pathways of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease [J].
Dawson, TM ;
Dawson, VL .
SCIENCE, 2003, 302 (5646) :819-822