EFFECT OF SOIL AND FOLIAR FERTILIZATION WITH NPK ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF BREAD WHEAT

A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture Univ. of Baghdad . during 2005-2006 season , to study the effect of soil and foliar fertilization with NPK on growth and yield of bread wheat Tritieum aestivum L. c.v. Abu Ghraib3 with three replications . The soil was a silt clay loam texture (Typic Torrifluvents).Soil application of fertilizer wear three levels S0 , S1(100+60+80) ,S2(200+120+160) kg.ha(-1) of (N+P+K) with seven treatments of foliar application , control , N , P , K, NP, NK, NPK, and it's interactions with soil application . The concentrations of nutrients were 3000N, 1500P, 3000K mg.l(-1). Foliar applications were done three times ; at the beginning of elongation , boot and shoot stages . Urea , triple super phosphate and potassium sulfate were used as sources of N,P,K , respectively. At flowering stage, plant samples were taken to determine dry weight of shoot . At maturity, plants were harvested, grain yield and its components were reported. The results can be summarized as follows:Soil application of NPK fertilizer caused significant increases in all studied parameters . The level of fertilizers S2 gave higher effect compared with SO treatments .The foliar application had significantly increased grain yield and it's components for all studied parameters over control . Foliar spray with N only showed more effects on plant growth and yield than each of P or K . The interactions between soil addition of 200+120+160 kg.ha(-1) N, P and K together with foliar applications of these nutrients had highly significant effects in increasing all parameters compared with control . An increase in the dry matter weight from 6.33 to 18.5 g .plant(-1) (dry wt) grain yield from 1650 to 5995 kg.ha(-1), spikes number. m(-2) from 208 to 470 , The number of grains per spike from 25.2 to 56.5 grain. spikes(-1) and weight of 1000 grain from 20.6 to 43.8 g for S2FNPK compared with control.