THE EFFECT OF THERMAL-TREATMENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF HYDROXY-AL AND HYDROXY-GA PILLARED MONTMORILLONITE AND BEIDELLITE

被引:64
作者
KLOPROGGE, JT
BOOY, E
JANSEN, JBH
GEUS, JW
机构
[1] UNIV UTRECHT,INST EARTH SCI,DEPT GEOCHEM,3508 TA UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS
[2] UNIV UTRECHT,DEPT INORGAN CHEM,3508 TB UTRECHT,NETHERLANDS
关键词
D O I
10.1180/claymin.1994.029.2.02
中图分类号
O64 [物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学];
学科分类号
070304 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The pillaring process of montmorillonite and beidellite with Al and Ga polymers has been studied using XRD, IR, Al-27, Ga-71, and Si-29 MAS NMR, TGA, TEM, N2 adsorption and chemical analyses. The Al adsorption maximum for montmorillonite is close to 5.5 mEq Al/g clay, whereas the maximum for Ga is higher. Basal spacings of both Ga- and Al-pillared clays vary between 16.7 and 18.8 angstrom. Freeze-drying of pillared products followed by calcination yielded more regular pillared structures. Pillaring montmorillonite increased the BET surface area from 35 M2/g to 350 M2/g mainly by the creation of micropores <20 angstrom in diameter. The Al-pillared clays are thermally stable to approximately 700-degrees-C. Calcination of pillared montmorillonite liberates protons from the pillar, which diffuse into the clay sheet, lowering the thermal stability. In pillared beidellite, mainly silanol groups are formed by breaking Si-O-Al bonds. NO reaction is observed between pillars and montmorillonite upon calcination, whereas in pillared beidellite a structural transformation links the pillar to inverted tetrahedra of the tetrahedral sheet. The basal spacing of Ga-pillared montmorillonite collapses to 9.5 angstrom at 350-degrees-C due to the Ga polymer decomposing to Ga3+ cations.
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页码:153 / 167
页数:15
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