Boys (29) in a boarding school were present during a large outbreak of influenza A H1N1 in 1978 when 27 were infected, 21 with clinical influenza. These boys were bled annually and were still in school when another outbreak of influenza A H1N1 occurred in 1983; 23 of them were reinfected; only 9 had symptoms. These results were compared with the experience of a similar group of boys in the early years of the influenza A H3N2 era.