Race and black movement in Brazil in the first half of twentieth century

The purpose of this paper is to present the debates in the Brazilian academy on the concept of race and how and why is here considered as an elementof black mobilization in that country. My hypothesis is that race, in its various forms of social exclusion (such as racial discrimination on color, racism or inequality) is the formal mobilization of this sector of the Brazilian population, especially in the state of Sao Paulo. Forms of exclusion to which we refer here, can also be considered as opportunities for action of various black associative forms present in the country since the beginning of twentieth century.