Pelvic Actinomycosis Simulating a Malignant Neoplasm: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pelvic actinomycosis is rare. It has an insidious onset, and the clinical features may mimic tuboovarian abscess, pelvic malignancies or retroperitoneal tumors. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman with right adnexal mass, right hydroureter and hydronephrosis. She was explored elsewhere for ovarian tumor, declared inoperable and referred to our institute for further management. Ultrasound guided true-cut biopsy showed spindle cell tumor; hence, decision for re-exploration was taken. The final diagnosis of actinomycosis was made on histopathological examination of the specimen. The case is reported because of its rarity and the diagnostic dilemma it presented.