THE RELATIVE ROLES OF SULFATE AEROSOLS AND GREENHOUSE GASES IN CLIMATE FORCING

被引：712
作者：
KIEHL, JT
BRIEGLEB, BP
机构：
[1] National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307
来源：
SCIENCE | 1993年 / 260卷 / 5106期
关键词：
D O I：
10.1126/science.260.5106.311
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
Calculations of the effects of both natural and anthropogenic tropospheric sulfate aerosols indicate that the aerosol climate forcing is sufficiently large in a number of regions of the Northern Hemisphere to reduce significantly the positive forcing from increased greenhouse gases. Summer sulfate aerosol forcing in the Northern Hemisphere completely offsets the greenhouse forcing over the eastern United States and central Europe. Anthropogenic sulfate aerosols contribute a globally averaged annual forcing of -0.3 watt per square meter as compared with +2.1 watts per square meter for greenhouse gases. Sources of the difference in magnitude with the previous estimate of Charlson et al. are discussed.
引用
收藏
页码：311 / 314
页数：4
相关论文
共 36 条
  • [1] BALL RJ, 1982, J APPL METEOROL, V21, P171, DOI 10.1175/1520-0450(1982)021<0171:TOOHIT>2.0.CO
  • [2] 2
  • [3] LONGWAVE BAND MODEL FOR THERMAL-RADIATION IN CLIMATE STUDIES
    BRIEGLEB, BP
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1992, 97 (D11) : 11475 - 11485
  • [4] DELTA-EDDINGTON APPROXIMATION FOR SOLAR-RADIATION IN THE NCAR COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL
    BRIEGLEB, BP
    [J]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, 1992, 97 (D7) : 7603 - 7612
  • [5] CLIMATE FORCING BY ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS
    CHARLSON, RJ
    SCHWARTZ, SE
    HALES, JM
    CESS, RD
    COAKLEY, JA
    HANSEN, JE
    HOFMANN, DJ
    [J]. SCIENCE, 1992, 255 (5043) : 423 - 430
  • [6] PERTURBATION OF THE NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE RADIATIVE BALANCE BY BACKSCATTERING FROM ANTHROPOGENIC SULFATE AEROSOLS
    CHARLSON, RJ
    LANGNER, J
    RODHE, H
    LEOVY, CB
    WARREN, SG
    [J]. TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY, 1991, 43 (04) : 152 - 163
  • [7] COAKLEY JA, 1983, J ATMOS SCI, V40, P116, DOI 10.1175/1520-0469(1983)040<0116:TEOTAO>2.0.CO
  • [8] 2
  • [9] Hanel G., 1976, ADV GEOPHYS, P73, DOI [DOI 10.1016/S0065-2687(08)60142-9, 10.1016/S0065-2687(08)60142-9]
  • [10] ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF TROPOSPHERIC SULFATE AEROSOL
    LANGNER, J
    RODHE, H
    CRUTZEN, PJ
    ZIMMERMANN, P
    [J]. NATURE, 1992, 359 (6397) : 712 - 716
1234