PEDAGOGICAL AND INTERCULTURAL APPROACHES POSSIBLE IN THE TEACHING OF FOREIGN LITERATURE

This work presents a proposal of pedagogical and intercultural approximation of the educational novel of the German literature Jakob von Gunten, from Robert Walser, which is, by didactic finalities, mediated by anterior reading of the Brazilian educational novel O Ateneu, from Raul Pompeia; it is based on the Bakhtinnian conception of language. The relation between education and literature will be contemplated in two aspects: a) by the literary representation of the institutes of education presented in these two novels and b) by our didactic approximation - based on the literary work of the Brazilian fictional universe - for the Brazilian college students of German literature. The background that supports the proposal is the Bakhtinnian theoretical reflection about (I) exotopy - "to be outside", do not coincide with the other, essential Bakhtinnian concept, in this work, to the reflection that involves the intercultural alterity, and in the pedagogical and intercultural approximation, (II) the discursive genres. Showing up, based on the Bakhtinnian view of discursive genres, for this work, the compositional estructure and the thematic units. The fact of the boys go out of their homes, for example, is a constitutive mark of the compositional structure of the educational novels. Another aspect of the compositional structure presented in both novels - and really recurrent in the novels of the Bildungsroman genre from the change of the century - it is the construction of the narrator in the first person. In the same sense of orientation, we can point out, among the thematic units analysed, the patriarchal and personalist view. This work concludes the viability of the didactic approximation in the construction of sense in the German literary text from the analysis of the compositional structure and the thematic units presented in both novels.