DESCARTES AND THE "MYSTICAL FOUNDATION" OF THE REASON (Introduction to the problem of God in the Metaphysical Meditations)

This essay follows the hypothesis that the problem of God worked in extenso by Descartes in his "Metaphysical Meditations" constitutes de mystical ground of reason. In other words, that the cognitive reason cannot stand up without the ontological argument of God, which empower the "immunitarian" effort of reason. From the immunitarian paradigm from the Italian philosopher R. Esposito, this essay argues, that the argument of God in Descartes makes possible the immunization of reason from any error. That's why, this essay adds a third position beyond the classical thesis of God's argument in Descartes: the "sociological" thesis, that says that the God's argument in Descartes is due to the political situation that Descartes lived with the church of his time, and the "rationalistic" thesis that says that God's argument breaks the "rational order".