One of the most important distinctive features of adolescence is the formation of the self-concept, which is of crucial importance for all subsequent development and formation of an adolescent as an individual. The study of the self-concept of adolescents from adoptive families is not only relevant, but also socially important, which has not been adequately studied in the scientific literature. The purpose of this paper is to present the revealed features of the structural components of the self-concept ( cognitive, emotional, behavioral and evaluative) of adolescents from adoptive families. The leading methods of research are the ascertaining experiment, testing and statistical processing of the results of the study. The experiment involved 26 children aged 11-16 years, brought up in adoptive families. Results: It was found that the adolescents from adoptive families are characterized by sufficient self-awareness and ability to self-reflection. It is important for them to feel needed, but at the same time they have difficulties in choosing a model of behavior in an adoptive family environment, and their prospects for improving relations with others are controversial. Teens rate high the ability to communicate with peers and satisfaction with their status among peers. A realistic attitude toward their behavior is typical of most of the subjects, but they often display negativity towards the requirements of adults. Adolescents are uncritical to their health, to the possibilities of realizing their intellectual abilities and changing their character. System-forming indicators of the self-concept of adolescents from adoptive families are the assessment of one's own behavior and intellectual abilities, the ability to communicate, and the popularity among peers. Relevance of the study is that its results can be an additional source for specifying and supplementing modern theories and practices on the formation of a positive self-concept of adolescents.