A CLINICAL STUDY ON THYROID DYSFUNCTIONS IN PREGNANCY AND ITS EFFECT ON MATERNAL AND NEONATAL OUTCOME

BACKGROUND¶¶ Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy is a common occurrence. Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy has adverse effects on maternal and neonatal outcome. So, pregnancy is seen as a risk factor in the occurrence of thyroid dysfunctions. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of different thyroid dysfunctions in pregnancy and to study their effects on foetomaternal outcome.¶¶ MATERIALS AND METHODS¶¶ This was a prospective, observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, UP, India, over a period of 2 years (Oct. 2015 - Oct. 2017) in 1268 pregnant women attending the OPD and IPD of our hospital. The first line screening test used for diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction was serum TSH level by CLIA method.¶¶ RESULTS¶¶ The study was conducted in 1268 pregnant women. They were screened for thyroid dysfunctions by measuring serum TSH level. Thyroid dysfunction was found in 196 pregnant women (prevalence 15.5%), out of which 11.2% patients have subclinical hypothyroidism, 3.5% patients have overt hypothyroidism and 0.8% patients have hyperthyroidism. Maternal complications included preeclampsia (15.8%), abortions (12.2%), abruptio placentae (7.14%), PPH (4.6%), PPROM (7.14%) and anaemia (22.4%). Neonatal complications included preterm birth (11.2%), low birth weight (10.2%), IUGR (7.14%), still birth and IUD (6.6%), NICU admissions (13.7%) and low APGAR score (13.2%).¶¶ CONCLUSION¶¶ Thyroid dysfunctions in pregnancy are increasing and adversely affect maternal and neonatal outcome, therefore all antenatal women should be screened for thyroid dysfunctions so as to minimise the adverse outcomes.