PHYLOGENY OF SCAPHIDIINAE WITH REDEFINITION OF TRIBAL AND GENERIC LIMITS (COLEOPTERA, STAPHYLINIDAE)

The phylogenetic relationships among the higher categories of the Scaphidiinae and genera of the Cypariini, Scaphiini and Scaphidiini are investigated using cladistic analysis. Terminal taxa examined include all genera of these higher taxa except for the Scaphisomatini (including the Heteroscaphini and Toxidiini) for which we examine exemplars. A total of 69 characters (including 3 multistate characters) are enumerated for cladistic analysis. Members of the Apateticinae, Piestinae, and Trigonurinae are used to polarize characters. Two cladograms are produced from the analyses: Cypariina (Scaphiina (Scaphisomatini + Scaphidiina)) and ((Cypariina + Scaphidiina) (Scaphisomatini + Scaphidiina)). On the basis of these cladograms we elevate the subtribes Scaphidiina and Scaphiina to tribal level and eliminate the subtribes Diateliina and Cerambyciscaphina. The following generic level synonymies are made: Episcaphium (=Phenoscaphium), Scaphidium (=Ascaphidium, Cribroscaphium, Hemiscaphium, Falsoascaphidium, Scaphidiolum, Scaphidopsis). We review the genera of the Cypariini, Scaphiini and Scaphidiini and provide a catalogue for the described species that includes new combinations resulting from proposed generic synonymies. A replacement name, Scaphidium pauliani, is proposed for Scaphidium sulcatum Paulian. Information on biology, distribution, and larval descriptions is reviewed for each genus.