DIALLEL ANALYSIS OF CALLUS FORMATION ABILITY IN ANTHER CULTURE OF RICE

Inheritance of callus formation in anther culture of rice (Oryza sativa L.) was studied by 6 x 6 diallel analysis by using Japanese lowland varieties (Aikoku, Hokuriku 100), Japanese upland varieties (Sekaiichi, Rikuto Norin Mochi 4, Akamai d) and Chinese lowland variety (I Kong Pao). There were significant varietal differences in the ability of callus formation, from 42.9% (Sekaiichi) to 0.0% (I Kong Pao). Japonica varieties of both lowland and upland showed higher callus formation ability than Indica varieties. The heritability for callus formation ability was quite high. High callus formation ability was recessive to low ability. Additive gene effect was predominant and average mean dominance (square-root H-1/D) was relatively low. Hokuriku 100 was completely recessive parent, while I Kong Pao completely dominant parent. General combining abilities were highly significant especially in Japonica varieties. It was suggested that Japonica varieties with high callus formation ability could be good combiners. Significant specific combining abilities were also found in F1 of the crosses in which Akamai d was involved. Maternal effect was negligible.