Exercise rehabilitation of pediatric patients with cardiovascular disease

Physical activity can augment the function of virtually all organs. The benefits of exercise programs in children include improved strength, cardiovascular and pulmonary function, functional status and quality of life. Children with cardiovascular disease, either congenital or acquired, can benefit from exercise with better cardiac function and minimizing risk factors associated with progressive heart dysfunction. For the child scheduled for elective cardiovascular surgery, a supervised physical activity intervention before and after surgery may result in improved outcomes. An overview of the benefits and contraindications for exercise in children with or who are at risk for cardiovascular disease is presented. Furthermore, an outline for the development of a hospital-based exercise program is offered. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.