Progressive retinal detachment secondary to juxtapapillary microholes in association with type 3 posterior staphylomas

Purpose: This study describes a novel subtype of retinal detachment occurring in eyes with pathological myopia associated with type 3 posterior staphyloma and discusses the management options. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the case notes of seven patients who presented with unilateral symptomatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment secondary to nasal juxtapapillary microholes. Results: All seven patients had pathological myopia and an associated peripapillary type 3 posterior staphyloma. They all presented with symptoms of acute posterior vitreous detachment and had progressive retinal detachment. All cases were discovered to have a single juxtapapillary hole less than 1 disc diameter from the optic-nerve head, within areas of nasal chorioretinal atrophy. The microholes were identified intraoperatively in six of seven cases, with one case identified preoperatively on optical coherence tomography. In the four most recent cases, successful retinal reattachment was achieved with vitrectomy and C2F6 gas tamponade. The remaining three cases were managed with vitrectomy and silicone oil. Conclusion: Seven patients with pathological myopia, type 3 posterior staphyloma, and progressive retinal detachment secondary to juxtapapillary microholes are presented in this paper. High clinical suspicion is required to identify these breaks. Successful retinal reattachment with pars plana vitrectomy and long-acting gas is possible.