THE EFFECTS OF DISTINCTIVENESS IN RECOGNIZING AND CLASSIFYING FACES

被引:198
作者
VALENTINE, T
BRUCE, V
机构
关键词
D O I
10.1068/p150525
中图分类号
R77 [眼科学];
学科分类号
100212 ;
摘要
In an earlier study it was found that distinctive familiar faces were recognised faster than typical familiar faces in a familiarity decision task. In the first experiment reported here this effect was replicated with the use of celebrities' faces rather than personally familiar faces. In the second and third experiments the effect of distinctiveness was found to reverse if the task was to distinguish between faces and jumbled faces. Subjects took longer to classify distinctive faces as faces than they did to classify typical faces. Thus distinctive faces were recognised faster, but were classified as faces more slowly than were typical faces, both when personally familiar faces and when famous faces were used as stimuli. These results are interpeted as evidence that faces are encoded by reference to a general face prototype.
引用
收藏
页码:525 / 535
页数:11
相关论文
共 17 条
[1]   TYPICALITY AND FAMILIARITY OF FACES [J].
BARTLETT, JC ;
HURRY, S ;
THORLEY, W .
MEMORY & COGNITION, 1984, 12 (03) :219-228
[2]   DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENTIAL RECOGNITION FOR OWN-RACE AND OTHER-RACE FACES [J].
CHANCE, JE ;
TURNER, AL ;
GOLDSTEIN, AG .
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY, 1982, 112 (01) :29-37
[3]  
COHEN ME, 1975, B PSYCHONOMIC SOC, V6, P383
[4]   VARIATION WITHIN CATEGORIES [J].
DASSMAAL, EA ;
DESWART, JH .
ACTA PSYCHOLOGICA, 1984, 57 (03) :165-192
[5]   EFFECTS OF UNIQUENESS, SEX OF SUBJECT, AND SEX OF PHOTOGRAPH ON FACIAL RECOGNITION [J].
GOING, M ;
READ, JD .
PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS, 1974, 39 (01) :109-110
[6]   INTEGRATIVE AND METRIC PROPERTIES OF ABSTRACTED INFORMATION AS A FUNCTION OF CATEGORY DISCRIMINABILITY, INSTANCE VARIABILITY, AND EXPERIENCE [J].
GOLDMAN, D ;
HOMA, D .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN LEARNING AND MEMORY, 1977, 3 (04) :375-385
[7]   MEMORY FOR FACES AND SCHEMA THEORY [J].
GOLDSTEIN, AG ;
CHANCE, JE .
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY, 1980, 105 (01) :47-59
[8]   RECOGNITION MEMORY FOR TYPICAL AND UNUSUAL FACES [J].
LIGHT, LL ;
KAYRASTUART, F ;
HOLLANDER, S .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN LEARNING AND MEMORY, 1979, 5 (03) :212-228
[9]  
MALPASS RS, 1986, NATO ASI SER, P154
[10]   DISTRIBUTED MEMORY AND THE REPRESENTATION OF GENERAL AND SPECIFIC INFORMATION [J].
MCCLELLAND, JL ;
RUMELHART, DE .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-GENERAL, 1985, 114 (02) :159-188