Nanofluid Convective Heat Transfer Enhancement Elliptical Tube inside Circular Tube under Turbulent Flow

Heat transfer enhancement employing an elliptical tube inside a circular tube to increase the heat transfer rate without increasing in pressure drop is investigated. The flow rate inside the narrow is in the range of Reynolds number 10,000 to 100,000. Commercial software is used to solve the governing equations (continuity, momentum, and energy) by adopting a finite volume method (FVM). The electrical heater is connected around the circular tube to apply uniform heat flux (3000 W/m(2)) as a boundary condition. The volume concentrations are in the range of 0.25% to 1% with different TiO2 nanoparticle diameters in the range of 27 nm to 50 nm dispersed in water. The results indicate that the elliptical annulus tube can enhance heat transfer and friction factor by approximately 19% and 6% than the circular tube respectively. Results show that the heat transfer enhancement is significantly increasing as the volume concentrations increase and the nanoparticles size diameter decrease.