Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis on MHD 3-D Water-Based Nanofluid

An analysis has been carried out to study the flow, heat and mass transfer characteristic for MHD three-dimensional water-based nanofluid due to an exponentially stretching sheet subjected to a magnetic field. Three types of nanofluid, namely Cu-water, Al2O3-water and TiO2-water is studied. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced into ordinary differential equations by employing similarity variables and then solved numerically by Runge-Kutta method along with shooting technique. The effects of pertinent physical parameters on the flow, heat and mass profiles are presented graphically. Skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also calculated and discussed. It is interesting to observe that fluid velocity decreases with increase in Cu-nanoparticle volume fraction whereas it increases for the nanoparticles Al2O3 and TiO2. Increase in the nanoparticle volume fraction increases the temperature both in presence and absence of magnetic parameter for all the three types of nanofluid under study.