THE CHANGES IN HEPATIC ENZYME EXPRESSION CAUSED BY SELENIUM DEFICIENCY AND HYPOTHYROIDISM IN RATS ARE PRODUCED BY INDEPENDENT MECHANISMS

Selenium (Se) deficiency for 5 weeks in rats produced changes in the activity of a number of hepatic, renal and plasma enzymes. In animals whose food intake was restricted to 75% of normal for 2 weeks, Se deficiency produced significant increases in the activity of hepatic cytosolic 'malic' enzyme and mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPD), two enzymes that are particular sensitive to the thyroid-hormone concentrations in tissue. Propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism produced significant decreases in 'malic' enzyme and GPD activities. The effect of hypothyroidism on the activity of 'malic' enzyme, GPD and other enzymes studied in liver and plasma was often opposite to that seen in Se deficiency. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was increased by both Se deficiency and hypothyroidism, but in hypothyroid animals further significant increases in GST were produced by Se deficiency. These data suggest that the changes in enzyme expression observed in Se deficiency are not caused by decreased tissue exposure to thyroid hormones.