Efects of Topical or Oral Nonsteroid Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Intraocular Pressure Reducing Efficacy of Latanoprost

Purpose: To investigate the effects of oral or topical non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) on latanoprost's intraocular pressure (IOP) reducing action. Methods: This study is a prospective, randomized and comparative clinical study. There were 22 healthy subjects in study group and 11 healthy subjects in control group. All of the cases were underwent complete ophthalmic examination including applanation tonometry. Latanoprost 0.005% a dosage of one drop was given to study and control groups. After one week from the beginning of study, study group was randomly assigned to receive either 0.1% diclofenac sodium ophthalmic solution three times daily (group 1), or 25 mg diclofenac sodium tablet two times daily for 1 week (group 2). Control group was treated only latanoprost 0.005% one drop daily throughout the study. All subjects were re-examined after one and two weeks from the beginning of the study. Results: Pretreatment mean LOP was 17.0 +/- 2.8 mmHg in group 1,16.2 +/- 2.1mmHg in group 2 and 16.0 +/- 1.8 mmHg in control group (p>0.05). After one week from the beginning of the study, mean IOP levels were reduced 3.5 +/- 2.1 mmHg in group1, 3.4 +/- 1.9 mmHg in group 2 and 3.3 +/- 1.1 mmHg in control group. It was statistically significant (p<0.05). Mean IOP reduction was 2.6 +/- 1.8 mmHg in group 1, 2.4 +/- 1.0 mmHg in group 2 and 5.1 +/- 1.3 mmHg in control group at the end of 2 weeks. When comparing the mean IOP reduction from baseline to I and 2 weeks, in spite of LOP reducing efficacy of latanoprost was minimally decreased in study groups it was statistically insignificant (p=1.000). However, LOP reducing efficacy of latanoprost was increased in control group (p=0.001). Conclusion: Although, oral or topical NSAID have a decreasing effect on IOP reducing efficacy of latanoprost in healthy volunteers, it was statistically insignificant. The cases that have an IOP in upper limit of target pressure should be followed up closely if they use NSAID and latanoprost in a long term period.