One hundred leading researchers, practitioners, and advocates in public health, health care, nutrition, obesity, economics, sustain-able agriculture, and food systems met at the Airlie Conference Center in April 2009 to discuss creating linkages among food systems, public health, and sustainable agriculture in order to achieve healthier diets, healthier communities, and a healthier planet. Participants convened in small groups to explore and dis-cuss research that is needed to create a health-based and sustain-able food system. The discussion and key recommendations from the small breakout sessions are presented