Rabies Prophylaxis in the Emergency Department

被引:4
作者
Bailey, Abby M. [1 ,2 ]
Holder, Martina C. [1 ,2 ]
Baker, Stephanie N. [1 ,2 ]
Weant, Kyle A. [3 ]
机构
[1] UK HealthCare, Dept Pharm Serv, Lexington, KY USA
[2] Univ Kentucky, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharm Practice & Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA
[3] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, North Carolina Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 100 East 6 Forks Rd,Ste 150, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA
关键词
emergency department; immune globulin; postexposure; preexposure; prophylaxis; rabies virus; vaccination;
D O I
10.1097/TME.0b013e31828f0b79
中图分类号
R47 [护理学];
学科分类号
1011 ;
摘要
The rabies virus is transmitted through exposure to infected saliva during either a bite or direct contact with mucosal tissues. Infection with this virus results in a progressive encephalitis, ultimately leading to coma, end-organ damage, and death. Because rabies-associated mortality is strikingly high, preventing viral transmission associated with an exposure is paramount. Fortunately, 2 available options exist for this purpose and include the rabies vaccine and the associated immunoglobulin. Patients presenting for consideration of rabies postexposure prophylaxis constitute a frequent complaint seen in the emergency department (ED) in most geographical areas. Management of these patients should be guided by an accurate and thorough discussion of the circumstances surrounding their exposure to attain maximum pharmacological benefit and avoid viral transmission. This article provides an overview of the practice recommendations surrounding rabies virus prophylaxis and their associated pharmacological characteristics in the ED.
引用
收藏
页码:110 / 119
页数:10
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