Do valerian teabags improve subjective sleep quality for male remand prisoners with a dual diagnosis?

Insomnia is a problem commonly identified by remand prisoners who also have a concurrent dual diagnosis of substance misuse and mental health problems. Historically, sleep problems in prison have been treated with either hypnotics or benzodiazepines but these cause adverse side effects and are often misused. Valerian teabags were introduced in 2004 but their efficacy was untested within the prison setting. The aim of this study was to establish whether Valerian teabags improve subjective sleep quality for men with sleep disturbance and dual diagnosis in a remand prison setting within a 14-day period. The findings show that herbal alternatives appear to improve sleep quality for prisoners with complex needs.