Neotropical Monogenoidea .24. Rhinoxenus bulbovaginatus n sp (Dactylogyridae, Ancyrocephalinae) from the nasal cavity of Salminus maxillosus (Osteichthyes, Characidae) from the Rio Parana, Parana, Brazil

Rhinoxenus bulbovaginatus n, sp. is described from the nose of Salminus maxillosus (Characidae) collected in the basin of the Rio Parana, near the city of Porto Rico, State of Parana, Brazil. The new species can be differentiated from the other three species in the genus by the morphology of the copulatory complex, vagina, and ventral anchor The sister group relationship of the known species of Rhinoxenus was determined using techniques of Phylogenetic Systematics (Cladism). The resulting cladogram (C.I. = 100%) indicates that the new species is most closely related to R. piranhus Kritsky, Boeger and Thatcher 1988. The other two species of the genus, R. arietinus Kritsky, Boeger and Thatcher 1988 and R. nyttus Kritsky, Boeger and Thatcher; 1988, both parasites of Anostomidae fishes, have a paraphyletic position in the cladogram, suggesting that the origin of at least one of them can not be associated to cospeciation.