DYSLIPIDEMIA IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease encompasses a spectrum of different pathophysiological processes associated with abnormal kidney function and a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Chronic kidney disease is a universal medical problem across the globe. Unless treated, it may lead to grave consequences. Chronic kidney disease leads to impairment of excretory, metabolic and endocrine functions of the kidney. As other complications of CKD occur, likewise it also results in profound lipid disorders In view of the effect of dyslipidemia on cardiovascular risk and possibly on the progression of renal disease, treatment seems sensible, although evidence is not abundant. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1. Study the lipid profile in the cases of chronic kidney disease. 2. Study the significance of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out in a group of patients who were admitted and patients visiting the outpatient department of the Department of Medicine at Rama Medical College, Kanpur, Patients were selected by adhering strictly to certain inclusion (Patients of chronic kidney disease on conservative treatment and on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) and exclusion criteria (renal failure other than CKD or on hypolipidemic drugs). RESULTS: In our study 30% of the cases, the cholesterol value is within normal limits. 18% cases its level is high i. e. above 240 and in rest 52 % of cases it is within the borderline high range. The mean triglyceride is 218.74 mg/dl in patients of CKD and is 87.04 mg/dl in control subjects which is statistically very significant. The mean VLDL is 43.78 mg/dl in patients of CKD and is 17.41 mg/dl in control subjects which is statistically very significant. 90% cases had HDL < 40 mg/dl. 6% of the patients had serum LDL value within normal range. 32% of the patients had optimal serum LDL cholesterol value near or above normal range. 36 % of the patient had serum LDL value in borderline high range. 12% of the patient had serum LDL cholesterol value in high range. 14% of the patient had serum LDL cholesterol value in very high range. The mean LDL/HDL ratio is 4.44 in patients of CKD and is 2.66 in control subjects. The mean TG/HDL ratio is 7.02 in patients of CKD and is 1.88 in control subjects. Mean TG/LDL ratio is 1.66 in patients of CKD and is 0.71 in control subjects. CONCLUSION: In the cases of chronic kidney disease there is dyslipidemia with maximum impact on level of triglycerides with a very significant increase. The level of total cholesterol is increased, that of HDL is decreased and level of VLDL is increased. These changes are occurring independently in chronic kidney disease.