Thermo-electro-mechanical model of general smart shell

A shear flexible nine-node degenerated shell element formulation, having five mechanical degrees of freedom per node is presented for modelling the static as well as the dynamic response of laminated composite shell structure containing distributed piezoelectric layers. This element has been developed to have one electrical degree of freedom per piezoelectric layer and two thermal degrees of freedom per node. Numerical results are compared with available literature. Numerical results are presented for a paraboloid shell fixed at three points subjected to thermal loading and the conventional negative velocity feedback control. The numerical studies demonstrate that negative velocity feedback control of the paraboloid shell is asymptotically stable. Voltage induced due to pyroelectric effect has no effect on damping for steady-state temperature excitation. Paraboloid shell curvature and height influences the effectiveness of controlling action. Vibration of standard paraboloid shell is damped more effectively, followed by shallow and deep shells.