Sustained-release dexamethasone intravitreal implant for treatment of diabetic macular edema

A sustained-release biodegradable dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX implant) has the potential to become a valuable adjunct to the management of diabetic macular edema. Clinical studies have demonstrated that DEX implant increases visual acuity and decreases macular thickness and vascular leakage in patients with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, and noninfectious uveitis. The favorable effects of DEX implant on visual acuity are sustained for up to 6 months. Complications such as increased intraocular pressure and cataract may be less common with DEX implant than with intravitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide. An applicator is used to place DEX implant into the vitreous cavity in a sutureless, office-based procedure. DEX implant has been approved for the treatment of macular edema following retinal vein occlusion, and for the treatment of intermediate and posterior uveitis. Phase III trials are underway evaluating the long-term efficacy and safety of DEX implant for the treatment of diabetic macular edema.