Central Hypoventilation Syndromes

Conditions causing central alveolar hypoventilation are uncommon in children, but have a profound impact on the lives of those affected. As research continues to elucidate the underlying mechanisms behind these conditions, the goal will be better identification and treatment of respiratory and nonrespiratory manifestations. Current therapy for central hypoventilation focuses on achieving normal gas exchange, primarily through mechanical ventilation. Early identification of central hypoventilation and initiation of appropriate ventilation strategies can help to improve outcomes associated with chronic hypoxemia. As with all complex pediatric medical conditions, the difficulties of different modes of mechanical ventilation must always be weighed against the child?s overall quality of life to determine the most appropriate therapy. Many children, particularly those with CCHS, are able to lead fulfilling lives with appropriate management. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.