Microstructure and Properties of AlCoCrFeNiTi High-Entropy Alloy Coatings Prepared by Laser Cladding

21-4N(5Cr21Mn9Ni4N) is extensively employed in the production of engine valves, operating under severe conditions. Apart from withstanding high-temperature gas corrosion, it must also endure the impact of cylinder explosion pressure. The predominant failure mode of 21-4N valves is abrasive wear. Surface coatings serve as an effective approach to prevent such failures. In this investigation, Laser cladding technology was utilized to fabricate AlCoCrFeNiTi high entropy alloy coatings onto the surfaces of 21-4N valves. According to the findings, the cladding zone has a normal dendritic microstructure, a good substrate-to-cladding layer interaction, and no obvious flaws. In terms of hardness, the cladding demonstrates an average hardness of 620 HV. The hardness has increased by 140% compared to the substrate. The average hardness of the cladding remains at approximately 520 HV even at elevated temperatures. Regarding frictional wear performance, between 400 ℃ and 800 ℃, the cladding layer exhibits an average friction coefficient of 0.4, with the primary wear mechanisms being abrasive wear, adhesive wear, and a minor degree of plastic deformation.