An overview of the physiopathology and various treatment strategies for polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a common endocrine disorder with metabolic and reproductive consequences, affects a significant percentage of women of reproductive age. Because of its complexity and impact on the quality of life, PCOS requires timely diagnosis and screening for complications. The most common clinical manifestations of PCOS are hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, acne, irregular cycles, amenorrhea, and anovulation. Although PCOS has different clinical manifestations in women, hyperandrogenism, and anovulation are the most common symptoms. A good medical history, examination, blood tests, and ultrasound findings facilitate the diagnosis of PCOS. Novel treatments have also undergone clinical trials to improve the symptoms of PCOS. However, comprehensive review articles investigating the different communities of this disease are limited, and this review aimed to collect data on the different etiologies of PCOS along with the latest diagnostic methods and the most common and up-to-date treatments for this disease.