Characteristic analysis of two-mode fiber Bragg grating

In this paper, the two-mode FBG is intensively studied in simulation and experiment. From the perspective of mode coupling, the coupling wavelength of the two-mode FBG is analyzed theoretically and the Bragg wavelength is calculated in simulation. Meanwhile, the variation of the two-mode FBG’s reflection spectrum is simulated in different power ratios of the LP11 and LP01 modes. Then, a two-mode FBG is written on SMF-28e fiber by using the phase-mask technique and the two-mode FBG’s reflection spectrum has been experimentally measured by adjusting the core-offset distance between the broadband light source’s pigtail and the two-mode fiber which changes the power ratio of LP11 and LP01 modes. Eventually and most importantly, the mode characteristic of the two-mode FBG is studied, and the LP11 mode is successfully obtained by using an experimental system of a two-mode FBG combined with an optical circulator. The results show that the two-mode FBG has a good prospect for obtaining high-order mode and for application in mode division multiplexing/demultiplexing.