Evaluating bowel wall vascularity in Crohn’s disease: a comparison of dynamic MRI and wideband harmonic imaging contrast-enhanced low MI ultrasound

This was a prospective comparison of dynamic MRI (1.5 T) and echo-signal enhanced ultrasound in evaluating vascularization in thickened bowel walls cases of Crohn’s disease. Twenty-one patients with histologically confirmed Crohn’s disease and bowel wall diameters >5 mm were examined by MRI and ultrasound (US). MR sequences: T1w fl2D, T2w, FLASH T1w post-contrast media (CM) applications with fat saturation were used. Dynamic Turbo-FLASH T1w sequences were acquired in the area of maximal thickening of the ileal wall every 1.5 s post-CM application for a total duration of 1 min. US was performed after the application of 1.2 ml of echo-signal enhancer. Contrast uptake was measured by the semiquantitative score and brightness analysis in regions of interest (ROI). Clinical and laboratory findings including Crohn’s disease activity indices were documented; MRI and US parameters were correlated. The length of sonographically documented lesions (122±75 mm) correlated significantly with the length of thickened bowel segments in MRI (128±76 mm; r=0.466; P=0.033). The maximum percent signal enhancement in the terminal ileum at ultrasound (217.5±100.1%) showed a high correlation with the findings of MRI (262±108%; r=0.623; P=0.003). With both methods, a plateau phase was observed. US and MRI are capable of evaluating local vascularization in the bowel wall objectively.