MOMHR: A Dynamic Multi-hop Routing Protocol for WSN Using Heuristic Based Multi-objective Function

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are the networks which mainly focuses on the applications and are composed of considerable sensor nodes. The use of energy in a valuable way is considered as a feature for the design structure of WSNs. In the WSNs, the nodes power sources are limited. Moreover, because of this, there is a must for a different approach regarding the energy availability and this is mainly for long distance communication, for this multi-hop (MH) systems are chosen. Even though MH decreases the energy cost used by all node along the path, however, to obtain the best routing path among nodes is yet an interesting subject. In this article, we present a multi-objective multi-hop routing (MOMHR) protocol for optimal data routing to gain the network lifetime. In the first phase, the K-means algorithm is applied to split the nodes into k clusters. Next, the artificial bee colony optimisation algorithm is applied to obtain the best possible CH within each cluster then using a multi-objective functions finally the multi-hop routing protocol finds a multihop path with minimum communication cost from the node to the base station. Our proposed method is simulated in MATLAB platform and compared with two recent protocols such as low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy and energy efficient centroid-based routing protocol. The execution of the proposed MOMHR protocols using multi-objective function is evaluated using metrics such as energy efficiency and network lifetime.