Deformation and annealing textures of surface layers of copper sheets cold-rolled under unlubricated condition

The texture of rolled sheets is known to vary with depth from the shear texture in the surface layer to the planestrain-compression texture in the center layer. This study has interpreted the deformation and annealing textures evolved in the surface layer of a four-layered-copper sheet cold-rolled by 93% reduction in thickness without lubrication at room temperature. The surface and center layers were separated from the cold-rolled four-layered copper sheet. The deformed surface layer was annealed for 1 h at 823 K. The deformation texture of the surface layer could be simulated by straining the {112}<111> oriented fcc crystals by a true strain of 2.66 in the rolling direction at 0 ≤ |e13/e11| ≤ 1.4, where eij are the displacement gradients and the subscripts 1 and 3 represent the sheet rolling and sheet surface normal directions, respectively, using a visco-plastic self-consistent scheme. The annealing texture could be approximated by the simulated shear deformation orientations plus near the {001}<100> orientation that was approximated by the recrystallization orientations calculated from the simulated deformation orientations. The recrystallization orientations were calculated by the strain-energy-release-maximization theory for the recrystallization texture evolution.