Upper Bound Analysis for Extrusion of T-section Bar from Square Billet Through Square Dies

The present study is devoted to the upper bound analysis of extrusion of T-section bars from square billets through square dies using the modified SERR (Spatial Elementary Rigid Region) technique. Optimized values of the non-dimensional average extrusion pressure at various area reductions have been computed and compared with experimental results available in literature. The optimization process in this study consisted of three stages: (i) optimization of the extrusion pressure with respect to appropriate system variables, (ii) determination of the optimum scheme of discretization of the deformation zone for each of the three formulations (single-point, double-point and triple-point), and (iii) identifying the formulation that gives the lowest upper bound.