MDM2 Gene rs2279744 Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk: Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Analysis

Background Several case-control studies have previously assessed the association of mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) gene rs2279744 polymorphisms, and the risk of breast cancer (BC) that has resulted in incongruous conclusions. In order to clarify the conflicting outcomes obtained from different individual association studies, here we performed the most updated meta-analysis of rs2279744 polymorphism and risk of BC. Methods A comprehensive systematic search of literature, including ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed/MEDLINE, was carried out prior to March 2023, and the pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to determine the overall association power in the pooled population. Results Literature search led to retrieving of 39 studies, containing 22,764 cases and 22,444 healthy controls. The pooled analysis indicated that the dominant model (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1-1.09, P = 0.03), recessive model (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.01-1.26, P = 0.2), allelic model (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.02-1.12, P = 0.009), and GG genotype (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.04-1.34, P = 0.008) were significantly associated with increased risk of BC. This polymorphism was also associated with increased risk of BC in Asians (dominant, allelic, and heterozygote models) but not Caucasians. Conclusions The current meta-analysis suggests that MDM2 gene rs2279744 polymorphism is a predisposing genetic factor in BC, particularly in Asians.