Beneficial effects of moderate voluntary physical exercise and its biological mechanisms on brain health自愿适量运动对脑的有益作用及其生物学机制

被引:104
作者
Qiang Ma
机构
[1] Academy of Military Medical Science,Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine
关键词
exercise; brain; cognition; norepinephrine; serotonin; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; R338; 运动; 脑; 认知; 去甲肾上腺素; 5-羟色胺; 脑源性神经营养因子;
D O I
10.1007/s12264-008-0402-1
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
This article reviewed the beneficial effects of moderate voluntary physical exercise on brain health according to the studies on humans and animals, which includes improving psychological status and cognitive function, enhancing psychological well-being, decreasing the risks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia, and promoting the effects of antidepressant and anxiolytic. The possible underlying neurobiological mechanisms are involved up-active and down-active pathways. The up-active pathway is associated with enhancements of several neurotransmitters systems afferent to hippocampus, including norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), acetylcholine (ACh) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The down-active pathway is mainly concerned with up-regulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurogenesis. It is suggested that NE activation via β-adrenergic receptors may be essential for exercise-induced BDNF up-regulation. The possible intracellular signaling pathways of NE-mediated BDNF up-expression may be involved in GPCR-MAPK-PI-3K crosstalk and positive feedback.
引用
收藏
页码:265 / 270
页数:5
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