Response of the geomagnetic horizontal component during solar events at RANAU station

The solar surface activity produces space weather. Solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), and coronal holes are examples of solar activity phenomena that can compress the magnetosphere and cause a geomagnetic storm. Previous studies have indicated that these solar events disturb the near-Earth region. This study examines the behavior of the terrestrial geomagnetic field (H-component) and focuses on how the geomagnetic index (SYM/H) responds to solar wind parameters related to solar activity. Results showed that on September 9, 2017, a powerful geomagnetic storm (SYM/H = 200 nT) was observed that was brought on by powerful solar flares, CMEs, and coronal holes that happened on September 7 and 8, 2017, which generated significant alterations in the magnetosphere’s solar wind. On October 3 and 18, 2017, a moderate geomagnetic storm occurred, which resulted in a strong southbound situation with a high solar wind pressure that blasted high-density plasma due to CME associated with a coronal hole event into the magnetosphere. A moderate geomagnetic storm (SYM/H = 80 nT) on November 14, 2017, was triggered, according to findings, by a wider direction and high speed of CME with CIR event occurrence implies the accelerated large-scale solar wind that exacerbated the reconnection of the flowing interplanetary magnetic field into the inner magnetosphere. There were fewer injections of ions and energetic solar particles into the magnetosphere on December 12, 2017, which were thought to be a source of a weak geomagnetic storm(SYM/H = 49 nT). Additionally, the response of solar wind parameters and geomagnetic storm due to solar flare, CMEs and coronal holes to the modest drop in the ground geomagnetic field resulted in H-component reading at the RAN and DLT station. This study has contributed to the study of earthquake precursors in ultra-low frequency (ULF) emission with the effect of solar wind.