In our country, in accordance with world-wide practice, nuclear power plant safety is ensured by the systematic implementation of the concept of deeply esheloned protection based on the use of a system of physical barriers, including a fuel matrix, fuel-element cladding, boundary of the reactor coolant loop, airtight sealing of the reactor system, and radiation protection. In the Soviet Union, in contrast to other countries, an additional barrier was introduced in the construction and operation of nuclear power plants-a sanitary-protective zone separating the atomic power plant from housing developments.